{"id":38,"date":"2025-04-09T15:49:29","date_gmt":"2025-04-09T15:49:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/likapk.com\/?p=38"},"modified":"2025-04-09T15:50:20","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T15:50:20","slug":"subterranean-networks-the-internet-beneath-our-feet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/likapk.com\/vi\/subterranean-networks-the-internet-beneath-our-feet\/38\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ea7m: Internet d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 internet, h\u1ecd h\u00ecnh dung ra c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u00fang ta trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta \u2014 trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ng\u1ea7m d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>X\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t xa x\u00f4i, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n d\u1eb7m c\u00e1p quang t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a internet. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i c\u00e1p n\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c xung \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, cho ph\u00e9p th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng... <strong>90% l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp internet to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/strong> D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng internet ng\u1ea7m bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u00e1p tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00e1p ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/strong> Ch\u00fang li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u1ed0ng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 h\u1ed1 ga<\/strong> Cung c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, t\u1eeb email \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi video.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u1ea9n d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0, vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ea7m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Kh\u00f4ng gian ng\u1ea7m v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eadt ch\u1ed9i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m giao th\u00f4ng. C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng internet c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft. <strong>h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd (GIS)<\/strong> V\u00e0 <strong>m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh song sinh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1edbi. \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u2014 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0110\u00e1y \u0110\u1ea1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 M\u1ed1i Li\u00ean K\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, <strong>c\u00e1p quang ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n<\/strong> N\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i c\u00e1p n\u00e0y k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p li\u00ean l\u1ea1c th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ki-l\u00f4-m\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n, s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 v\u1ebft c\u1eafn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 m\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u2014 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ea7m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 ga, h\u00e0nh lang ti\u1ec7n \u00edch v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1p quang. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a <strong>\u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n bi\u00ean<\/strong> V\u00e0 <strong>5G<\/strong>, Ngo\u00e0i ra, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mini d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i, c\u0169ng \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng th\u00f4ng minh<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo. T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng internet ng\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u00e1p t\u1ef1 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/strong> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang x\u1ea3y ra.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ng\u1ea7m d\u1ea1ng m\u00f4-\u0111un<\/strong> K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i duy nh\u1ea5t.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 internet mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y v\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 t\u00eanh, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m s\u00e2u b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta \u2014 trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m im l\u1eb7ng, nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i c\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u gi\u00fap k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When most people think of the internet, they imagine cloud servers, satellites, and wireless signals connecting us in an invisible [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":39,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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